Improvement in windmills



. Y zSheetsf-Sheetl. Le. WATSON.

WIND-MILL.

'No.187,435. 'Patented Feb.`1a,1a77.

:..Gg WATsoN.

2 Sheet-Sheet 2.

WIND-MILL.

Patented Feb. 13, 1877.

N.PETERS, PHOTOLITHOGPHE`E. WASHINGTON, D. C

UNITED Sfrirr"ns PATENT JAMES G. WATSON, OF SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.

lMPROVEMENT IN WINDMILLS.

Specification forming part of LettersPatent No.` 187,435, dated February 13, 1877 application filed August 7,1876.

l and out of the wind by the varying force of the same upon an upright fan; and the object of the invention is a simpler and more effective construction of the various parts. V

My invention consists in the construction of the head of the windmill, carrying the sailarms, in combination with the sails and arms; second, in the combination and construction of the parts for turning the sails in and out of the wind; and-further, in the construction of the turn-table, all as more fully hereinafter explained.

To enable others skilled in the art to manufacture and use my mill, I now describe the same in connection with the drawings, in

1 which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the windmill,

. showing in dotted lines the position of the 4parts when the upright fan isthrown back and the sails turned edge to the wind; Fig. 2, a central vertical section of the same; Fig. 3, an elevation from the inside of the head of the windwheel and a portion of the sails, the same being detached from the other parts of the mill, and Fig. 4, a cross-section of the turntable and the upper part of the standard.

Like letters denote corresponding parts in each gure.

A represents the standard of the mill, of ordinary construction, upon which is mounted the turn-table B. The standard is capped by a cylindrical casting, A. The top of this casting is provided with a flange, a, forming a flat annularbearin g-surface. The turn-table B rests upon this bearing-surface, and has a central cylindrical casting, b, projecting downwardly from the under side of the turn-table into the casting A and fitting closely the inside of the said casting A. The outer edge of the turntable is provided with a downwardlyfprojecting flange, b', which incloses the outer edge of the flange a., a plane bearingfsurface`,`a, being formed ou the under sideof the turn-table be tween the cylindrical casting b and theilange b. This bearing-surface a rests upon the fiange a, a hole being bored in the turn-table through which the parts are lubricated. One or more studs, c, project from the inside of the flange b', under the iiange c, to further steady the turntable. This turntable is very Simplein construction, and operates `easily and without jarring. From the turn-table B an arm, d, projects to the rear, to which is rigidly attached the tail-fan C. To the front of the turn-table is secured the bearing-sleeve C. Through this sleeve passes the shaft D of the wind-wheel, having on its inner end a crank, d', which works in the center of the turntable and operates through a pitman-rod, a pump, or other mechanism. On the front end of the shaft D is keyed the head E of the wind-wheel, to which are secured the arms F, carrying the lsails F'. This headv is composed of a hub, E1,

and a rim E2. The rim is cast in one piece with the hub, and with a connecting part, e.

j The arms F pass through proper holes in the rim E2, inside of the part e of the head, and

into sockets in the hub E1. -Between the rim andthe hub the arms F are provided with short cranks j', by which they are turned and the sails brought edge to the wind. By the construction of the head, having the hub and rim, the arms are held firmly in place and the strain divided between the hub and the rim. Ou the sleeve G and extension j" of the hub v E1 is sleeved the sliding head G, smaller than the-head `E of the wind-wheel, having a hub,A

G1, and rim G1. To the rim G? of this head are rigidly secured short arms g, which connect with the cranks f on the sail-arms. H is an upright fan behind the wind-wheel. This fan f Above the sleeve C to the arm H1 is secured one end of a rod, h, which extends to a clutch, i, workingin a groove, il, in `the hub Grl ot' the head G. This rod h is connected to a guidingsleeve, i?, sliding on the sleeve'O betweenthe clutch, i, and the arm. The arm H1 is provided with an angular arm, H2, projectingA to the rear. The angle of this` arm H2 is connected with an elliptical spring, I, which throws the arm H1 and fan H forward; but aweight suitably attached may he used instead. The end of the angular arm H2 is connected with a rod or chain which passes' down through the standard of the mill, and, when pulled downwardly,

, throws the upright fan and its arm backward.

The operation of the mill is as follows:

By the action-,of the wind upon the tail-fan C the wind-wheel is brought around into the wind, and by lits force thev wheel is turned. But as the force of the wind increases, the upright fan will be moved backward and the sails turned more nearly intoaline with the wind, the speed of' the wheel being thereby regulated. l Upon a furtherl increase of the wind..the sails? will be thrown edge to the windand the mill stopped. 'lhe force oilthe wind lessening, the spring I restores the u pright fau to its original position. When itis desired'to stop the mill at any time, the upright fan and its arm are thrown back bythechain or rod secured. to;

the arml H2. The adjustabiltyof the upright .19th day of April, 1876.

fan admits of its being regulated to allow the wind-wheel to turn with any desired speed.

Y Having thus fully described my windmill and explained some of its advantages, what I claim-*as new therein, and desire to secure by as described and shown.

2. In a windmill, the combination, with the turn-tableiB, of thesleeve (3.', the shaft D,the head E, consisting of' the hub El, rim E2, and connecting part e, the sails E', arms F, head Gr, cranks f, arms g adjustable upright fan H, arm H1, rod h, andl taihfan C, all constructed and arranged substantially as described and shown.

3. In a windmill, the combination, with the standard A, of the cylindrical castingA, having the ange d, andthe turn-table B, having the cylindrical casting b, ange b, and studs c, all constructed and arranged substantially as described and shown.

This specification signed and witnessed this JAMES VGILLIS WATSON. Witnesses:

SAMUEL D. ScHoLEs, THos. O.'MATHER. 

